Life Cycle Models In Software Testing
SDLC is the continuous process where it starts from the scratch of thinking to launch the project till the end where it goes successfully to the deployment without any issue. SDLC models are not a single model but they are divided into main groups and each stands with separate features and weaknesses.
In progress from the earliest and the oldest model called the “WaterFall” model from SDLC, their differences significantly inflate. The SDLC models are pre-determined by a large number of products — starting with “Web-based application to complicated medical software. To get certified tester in this domain then do make the right decision to join the Software Testing Institutes In Chennai.
If you take any products, projects, or any company, it will be combined with the source of SDLC models. The most popular and the used SDLC models are listed below:
- Waterfall Model
- Iterative Model
- Spiral Model
- V-Shaped Model
- Agile Model
No matter what type of model has been chosen, each one of them has its basic stages which are used by every single software development product/project. Let’s get into all the types of stages as this is the most important thing for learning each SDLC model and the differences between them.
Basic Stages of Software Development Life Cycle
Stage 1: Planning and Requirement Analysis
Every software development life cycle begins with the analysis of stakeholders and discusses the requirements for the final project/product. This stage will achieve if all the detailed information and the discussion has been done with the team members who are all going to work.
QA (Quality Assurance) will join the team in the developing stage for the style and the reference for the project/product if needed.
Stage 2: Designing Project Architecture
This is the second stage of the software development life cycle, where the developers started designing the code. With all team members, different technical questions will appear and answered in this stage. Also, the team will discuss the team load, budget, limitations, time frame, and the technologies which we are using in the project.
Stage 3: Development and Programming
After the approval of requirements, the process will go to the next stage — Development and Programming. Developers will start writing their source code based on the requirements which have been discussed earlier. The programming itself is supposed to be four stages.
- Algorithm
- Source Code Writing
- Compilation
- Testing and Debug
Stage 4: Testing
The testing phase will include the debugging process where the developed application will be tested until the critical issues and workflow go well. During the testing process, issues that have been taken will be documented and passed over to the developer until the application works well.
Stage 5: Deployment
When the program is stable and there are no critical issues found – then it’s time to launch the project/product to the end-user. This department of tech supports us with the user feedback over the application and the future update for the application will be done here in this stage.
Types of Software Development Life Cycle MODELS
Waterfall Model
The waterfall model is one of the first and oldest SDLC models created. In which the development process looks like moving step by step throughout the project/product analysis, programming, realizing, testing, debug, and support.
This process should be strictly documented and the predefined features should work perfectly while developing.
Requirement Analysis → System Design → Implementation → Testing → Deployment → Maintenance.
This model will have both advantages and disadvantages, where this model will be used in short or mid-term projects but it won’t be used in long team projects. Easy to classify the task and prioritize it but integration testing will be done at the end of the project which is the major drawback where testers aren’t able to identify the flaws in advance.
Iterative Model
This iterative SDLC model does not need any list of requirements before starting the project. The requirements will start from the functional part of the developing process. The process is boring which allows us to make new versions of the product for every cycle.
Requirement Analysis → Design Structure → Coding → Testing and Debugging → Implementation and Deployment
Some of the advantages and disadvantages will be discussed here. The process is easily measurable but issues with designs may occur because not all the requirements are seen during the short planning.
Spring Model
Spring model is the SDLC model that merges the architecture and the prototyping by stages. The main issue of the spring model is to identify to make a step into the next stage of programming with requirements. The initial set time frames are suggested as the solution to this issue occurs. If the work on the previous stage isn’t done, This spring model can shift to the next stage if it is done according to the plan.
Determined Objectives → Identify Risks based on requirements → Development and testing → Plan the next iteration cycle.
Some of the advantages and disadvantages will be discussed here. The scalability allows us to make changes and allow us to add new functionality even at the last stage but it does not fit for smaller term projects.
V-Shaped Model
V-Shaped SDLC model is very strict and the next stage of the process will be started once the previous stage is completed successfully. This model is also called “Validation and Verification”.
Requirements Analysis → Specifications → High-Level Design and Low-Level Design
Coding and Planning
Unit → Integration → System → Acceptance
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Agile Model
In agile methodology, customers can understand their requirements whether they like it or not after every development iteration. This is one of the most advanced lives for agile software but there is a disadvantage where it’s difficult to calculate the resources and the development cost without the defined requirements.
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Requirement Analysis → Testing and Debugging → Designing → Developing
This basis of such a model will have a weekly meeting for the project discussion. Each sprint will call it a scrum approach.
Conclusion
As we discussed above, The SDLC model is one of the major things to learn when it comes to testing. Without the knowledge of the SDLC model, we don’t know about the process of how the project is coming until the end of releasing the application.
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